The Plague Essay - 1241 Words

The Plague nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The rats did it! Rats, almost single handedly, killed off about a third of the European population throughout the 14th and 15th centuries. Its effects on western civilization still lasts today, but for the people who lived during the plagues wish indeed that they did not. Society was depressed, the economy was struggling, food was scarce, and all of Europe was in battle. Who would want to live in these dramatic conditions? No one, and not for centuries to come. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The Plague, also known as the Black Death, or the Bubonic Plague, which struck in 1346, and again in 1361-62, ravaged all of Europe to the extent of bringing gruesome death to millions people of the†¦show more content†¦One thing about coughing up blood that made the plague even worse, was that when you coughed up blood, everyone in the room was susceptible to the disease. This allowed the plague to spread even more quickly and easily. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Black Death had more than just physical effects; it effected every part of life. It also had more extensive effects over the course of many years to come in western civilization. This complex disease effected society, religion, the economy, agriculture, art and architecture and most of all, the future. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;For two generations after the plague there was almost no increase in the population of Europe, while the rest of the world’s population continued to grow. After the plague had passed, Europe seemed to suffer from a case of collective shell shock. This made it look like all of Europe was hit by a deadly stun gun, but the stun never wore off. What scared the people was that the Black Death took more lives than an army, and gave its victims no chance to fight back. The Black Death had many different social and religious effects on the common people of Europe. Some people dreaded the time when the plague would come, and some people just understood what was happening and let the plague take its course. Although all the people suffered, the peasants suffered the most. This is because they lived in such unsanitary conditions and had the least care. In many places wholeShow MoreRelatedThe Plague Essay768 Words   |  3 PagesIn The Plague by Albert Camus a town called Oran became suddenly taken over by an epidemic â€Å"the plague†, killing off thousands of people. One character greatly affected by the plague goes by the name Rambert (A journalist from Paris just doing some research). The plague dramatically changed the way Rambert thought because three types of environmental characteristics that surrounded him: Death, despair and isolation. Therefore, these three characteristics showed the dramatic effects an epidemic canRead MoreBlack Plag ue And The Plague1367 Words   |  6 PagesBy the 14th century, the plague had wiped out sixty percent of Europe’s population. Because of its devastating fatality rate, The Black Plague was one of the most devastating pandemics in history. The disease was made famous by the outbreak in Europe, however it did not originate there. The origination of the Plague, History of the Plague, Strains and Symptoms, as well as effects of the Plague are essential ideas, important to understand the Black Plague. The Black Plague is said to have originatedRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Plague1624 Words   |  7 Pages25 million people, the Black Plague is considered the greatest catastrophe ever.†¯ †¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ The Black Plague started in Italy. The plague traveled from Italy to Europe. Jim Ollhoff, author of the The Black Death, described the outbreak of the plague as a â€Å"deadly hitchhiker† (6). He illustrated how quickly the Black Plague spread to other cities. Many doctors of this era thought the disease had come from â€Å"an earthquake that released putrid underground air† (20). The plague was â€Å"a painful, horrible diseaseRead MoreThe Plague Of The Bubonic Plague1426 Words   |  6 PagesThe plague was a catastrophic time in history, and happened more than once. It took millions and millions of people’s lives. It destroyed cities and countries, and many people suffered from it. What is the plague? The plague or referred to as the Black Death, according to the CDC (2015), â€Å"is a disease that affects humans and other mammals and caused by the Yersinia pestis bacteria. Humans usually get plague after being bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the plague bacterium or by handlingRead MoreThe Plague Of The Bubonic Plague896 Words   |  4 PagesBlack Death The Bubonic Plague was likely the first semi-global pandemic that rightfully merits the name which means affecting all people. The period of time in which the disease wreaked havoc was also known as the â€Å"Black Death. Alexandere Yersin was a French bacteriologist and discovered the bacteria in Hong Kong This diabolical disease is characterized by both positive and negative outcomes for the few people that managed to survive the plague. The total number of people who died subsequentlyRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Plague1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Plague is a disease that spread around the world and killed many people. There are three different types of the plague; Bubonic, Septicemic, and Pneumonic (Dugdale). The Black Plague effected Europe greatly and effected there way of life. It came to Europe around the 1300s and had a great impact on society in the 1500s (History). Important parts of the black plague are the different types of the plague, how they spread, treatments for them, and effects the plague had on Europe in the 1500sRead MoreThe Plague Of Bubonic Plague1675 Words   |  7 PagesBubonic Plague Ellery Perez Health Science Technology  Made of a canvas outer garment coated in wax, as well as waxed leather pants, gloves, boots and hat. A dark leather hood and mask with a very grotesque curved beak (Jackie Rosenhek, 2011). A serial killer, Halloween costume perhaps or a cosplay outfit for a horror movie? No, a doctor actually is what this outfit was meant for. Doctors wore this attire in the medieval times in order to protect themselves from the bubonic plague. We ve all heardRead MoreThe Plague Of The Bubonic Plague1848 Words   |  8 Pages The Bubonic Plague killed over twenty-five million people during the Elizabethan Era (David Perlin, PhD and Ann Cohen). â€Å"The origins of the Black Death can be traced back to the Gobi Desert of Mongolia in the 1320’s (Ed. Geoffrey J. et al).† The Bubonic Plague has picked up many nicknames. For example, it has been called â€Å"The Black Death,† and â€Å"one of the four horsemen of the apocalypse† (Ed. Geoffrey J. et al). The Bubonic Plague was very prominent during its time with many people’s lives beingRead MoreThe Plague By Albert Camus1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe Plague It is always awful when an epidemic starts to spread out. Regardless of have severe it is, it always has bad consequences. These hard times often bring the citizen closer to each other and make them appreciate life more. In the book â€Å"The Plague† written by Albert Camus the readers get a sense of how incredibly the spread of a deadly disease is. In this case it is the plague. Throughout the novel, the author tells the reader through Dr. Rieux, which is actually the author but he talksRead MoreThe Plague Of Bubonic Plague1714 Words   |  7 Pagescharacteristics. The diffusion, history, and cure are just a couple universal aspects that contribute to the well known, yet unforgiving disease known as the Bubonic Plague. The Bubonic Plague diffused to many people during its time of dominance. To start, the Bubonic Plague is transmitted to other living organisms in a distinct way. The plague bacteria circulates among different populations of certain rodents without causing an excessive amount of rodent die-off (â€Å"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention†)

Ap U.S. History Chapter 16 - 1577 Words

Chapter 16 THE SOUTH AND SLAVERY, 1793–1860 1. Part Three Introduction This introduction gives you a preview of the authors’ answers to certain key questions about the causes and consequences of the nation’s â€Å"awesome trial by fire,† the Civil War. Look at this section and list three major questions you think the authors will be addressing in the next seven chapters. (1) (2) (3) 2. Southern Economy and Social Structure a. Explain the connection between the invention of the cotton gin by Eli _________ in 17___ and the rapid expansion of short-staple cotton production based on slave labor in the South. If the cotton gin actually made picking seeds from cotton much easier, why did planters perceive a vastly†¦show more content†¦Was there any truth in this charge? d. Were the abolitionists popular or unpopular in the North? Why? VARYING VIEWPOINTS Nature of Slavery Read the Varying Viewpoints essay and address ONE of the following questions: 1. According to historian Eugene Genovese, what motivated southern slave-owners to embrace â€Å"a strange form of paternalism† toward their slaves? *** Do you agree with the authors that this paternalistic attitude had the effect of subverting the â€Å"racist underpinnings† of the slave society? 2. Although economic historians have demonstrated that slavery was still a profitable proposition at the time of the Civil War, it was dying out as an institution in other places around the world. *** Do you have any thoughts as to what would have happened to slavery in America in the absence of a Civil War? 3. Slaves were purposefully kept illiterate and therefore left few written records of their life on the plantations. Technology for audio and video recordings was unavailable and few travelers from the North recorded observations on slave treatment, lifestyle, or culture. *** If you were a historian trying to make conclusions about these subjects, what types of sources would you consult? Do you think an â€Å"objective† picture of southern slavery is possible to construct? ChapterShow MoreRelatedThe Economic Impacts Of Gmo s And Large Agribusiness1328 Words   |  6 PagesSam Palmisano Mrs. Kristine Frailing AP Capstone Seminar 24 January 2015 The Economic Impacts of GMO’s and Large Agribusiness When focusing on a major topic like genetically modified organisms from an economic standpoint, it is crucial to cover the varying effects of large agribusiness companies that run the biotechnological field, primarily Monsanto. Monsanto, originally founded as a chemical company, has risen to hold a biotechnical science monopoly. While a monopoly is never a good thing, theRead MoreSummary Of Lies My Teacher Told Me2933 Words   |  12 Pagesempathizes with the students. He discusses how History, specifically American History, is taught incorrectly. Loewen is able to share his understanding of why high school students think history is boring. 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Reflection on Information Systems Strategizingâ€MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Reflection on Information Systems Strategizing. Answer: Introduction: Lion Company is one of largest and popular food and beverage companies operating in Australia. It is a new and an upcoming company considering the fact that it was formed in the year 2009 and currently being ranked as one of top 10 food and beverage companies in the country. The company was formed after the merge of Kirin Holdings Company Limited and the National Foods with the help of brewer Lion Nathan (https://www.lionco.com/about-us). Lions headquarters are located in Sydney, Australia where it specializes in the production and distribution of a variety of foods and drinks. Some of its products are: soy, cider, beer, wine, RTDS, spirits, alcoholic ready-to drink beverages and non-alcoholic ready to drinks beverages and dairy products or juices among others (https://www.lionco.com/our-brands). The dairy or juice brands of Lions products are of different kinds, i.e. can either be flavored or non-floured and may include drinks like yoghurts, milk, cheese, soy products to name a few. Lion Company operates in various towns like New Zealand, Australia, South Australia, Sydney and other small towns. Actually, Lion Company is the largest and the leading brewer in both Australia and New Zealand being ranked as the top ten brand brewer for both the alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. In addition to those towns, the company also participates in international trade exposing most of its products to the international markets. Therefore, this means that it has engaged in both domestic and international but still is ranked as one of the top ten best and largest companies in Australia. With this fact in mind, there is assured and certainty that the company uses accounting systems to manage and control its business operations. A businesss organizational structure illustrates how the policies and business principles are delegated and are supposed to be used for the success of the company. A good organizational structure will enable a business achieve its goals and objectives without pressure or failure. Lions organizational structure is composed of a number of board of directors team, about 7,000 skilled, experienced and knowledgeable employees, a number of factories to help in the production, variety of product brands many other things that enable business effectiveness and efficiency in Lion Company. The companys success is solely determined by the level of business operations management and control (Aquilani et al, 2017). Therefore, with the fact that the company has been ranked as one of the top companies in Australia, the management team, employees and physical structure and technical support team all seem to be effective and efficient. Challenge to meet the market demand The company may not be very well-known locally but is a very successful business that has managed to perform excellently in both the domestic and international markets. This means that it has a very large market share of consumers who need to be satisfied and their needs met. Therefore, a challenge may arise when the consumers market demand rises to a level that it may be unable to meet. Many large businesses always face the problem of poor management. Considering the fact that the companys operations and business activities involve domestic and international operations the business has to manage a large area and market share. This may cause a number of problems like poor management and activity control. The company is well known for its excellent brewing of drinks but is not well recognized by the local consumers. The products are highly rated which makes them unique and somehow special. Therefore, this may cause a problem to the market demand of the products and the services it provides which affects the companys success and goal and objective achievement. It may not satisfy the consumers needs and therefore may lose its market share. Most Likely Acquisition Method for Lion Company The best acquisition methods for Lion Foods and Beverage Company is the ERP software system. This system is generally used to manage and control a business operations including the financial, human resource, supply chain, product transportation and distribution among other business aspects or departments. The ERP system is suitable for the Lion Company because it will help it manage the businesss domestic and international operations, the product brand range and the large market share that the company manages (Park et al, 2014). Through the use of the systems, the business will certainly be effective and efficient in terms of production and especially the businesss internal systems. The technical support include factors like the labor availability, energy, time, machines like the computers and the internal systems themselves. These are the factors that enable the success of a large number of sales systems; actually they are the fundamental factors that must be included for a sales system to succeed (Marabelli et al, 2016). Therefore, if Lions sales systems lacks any of these aspects, then it is likely going to fail and therefore no goal or objective achievement. Ineffective and inefficient communication process Even though every sales system uses machines and software packages of a computer, it also needs to be fed the correct and right data for the sake of success. In addition every machine needs to be directed on what activity it should perform and how. Therefore, effective and efficient communication is highly needed for the success of every sale system procedure. This includes the products features, payment system, purchasing method, transportation method and delivery system among other factors. Additionally, for success of this operation the customer and the seller must give the information correctly otherwise the system does not succeed. Lion Company has currently increased its usage, development and adoption of the accounting software packages. This is certainly common for most of the international and the top rated companies in the world. The technological advancement of the company, the growth and its development in the general business operations has led it to the adoption of such systems (Jha et al, 2016). The company surely needs to manage and control its departments especially in the financial sector. Additionally, it has to manage its international operations and be able to be effective and efficient in all aspects. Therefore, the use of the accounting system software has become a part of the companys daily operations as well. The systems are used by almost all employees and especially the financial analysts, accountants and the general operations business analysts. The system make their work simple, easy and effective at the end of the day. This has also resulted to increased success rates, growth and develo pment of the whole business in general. Lions Current Market Size Just as mentioned earlier, the company operates in different states and towns of Australia. It is well recognized in Australia and New Zealand for its good brewing operations and its beverages. The Company is ranked being one of the top ten Companies in Australia that specializes in food and beverage products (https://www.lionco.com/about-us). It operates in many other towns like Sydney and Australia where its headquarters are based. Also, it has a very large variety and range of consumer products that are highly demanded by the public. The products are used by different consumers too; e.g. the children and adults (Kraak et al, 2015). This is a clear indication that the company has a very large and wide market share and market segment. This means that its high quality products, different product brands, different and many operation locations, the popularity and famousness of the company among other things are the aspects that have helped it increase and increase its market share. Als o, the fact that it has been able to maintain its market share and remain in business for a number of years indicates that the companys products are well valued by the customers and their demand is al noticeable. Therefore, with this in mind, the market share increases and the business grows year after year. The food and beverage industry in Australia has been termed as one of the fastest growing industries in the business world compared to other industries. A large number of businesses are trying to enter the food and beverage industry but are currently being faced by a lot of competition. This means that the businesses in the industry have already dominated the market and already have a very intact and strong competitive advantage factor and aspect that cannot be achieved by a new business (Barata et al, 2017). The Lion close competitors include Fonterra, Coca Cola Amatil, JBS Australia, George Weston Foods, Inghams Enterprises to name a few of them. Among these competitors, Coca Cola Amatil is the top most rated company in Australia and seconded by Lion Company. Therefore, with that in mind, Coca Cola Amatil has a competitive advantage over Lion. These factor include the fact that Coca Cola is a company that was established way earlier before Lion was started. This gives it a head sta rt period to control and position its products and its operations in the market (Kamariotou et al, 2017). Also, Coca Cola operates under the Coca Cola Company which is a world-wide company operating in almost all the countries in the world. The companys brands and product quality has helped Coca Cola Amatil gain its advantage indirectly. In a company like Lion, the users of the accounting software include people like accountants, business analysts, financial analysts and advisors, investors to name just but a few of them (Hair et al, 2017). Therefore, some of the challenges include: Lack of knowledge and skills. Every software analysts needs to have the required skills, experience and expertise to be able to work with a business software system. However, the technology and system frequent change and advancement may lead to some users not operating the system because of lack of knowledge. This relates to a situation where a business is planning or has already changed the accounting systems. The users may face a hard time because they lack the time to be psychologically prepared and physically ready for the changes especially the skills required. Lion Company should ensure that every employee is equipped with every training skill and knowledge that is needed to operate the accounting systems. All the employees operating with the systems should not only be skilled and knowledgeable but should also be experts and have experience from working with the same systems. Lion should ensure that before improving or changing the accounting systems, the users are well prepared and their advice is sort. This is to be able to know what exact kind of changes they would like and how the change will affect them. References Chi, M., Zhao, J., George, J.F., Li, Y. and Zhai, S., 2017. The influence of inter-firm IT governance strategies on relational performance: The moderation effect of information technology ambidexterity.International Journal of Information Management,37(2), pp.43-53. Svahn, F., Mathiassen, L. and Lindgren, R., 2017. Embracing digital innovation in incumbent firms: How Volvo cars managed competing concerns.MIS Quarterly,41(1), pp.239-253. Kamariotou, M. and Kitsios, F., 2017. Information Systems Phases and Firm Performance: A Conceptual Framework. InStrategic Innovative Marketing(pp. 553-560). Springer International Publishing. Aquilani, B., Silvestri, C., Ruggieri, A., Ruggieri, A., and Gatti, C., 2017. A systematic literature review on total quality management critical success factors and the identification of new avenues of research.The TQM Journal,29(1), pp.184-213. Pehrsson, A., 2017, January. International Firms Market Orientation and Use of Knowledge: Implications for Market Information Systems. InProceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Kwan, B.S., 2017. A cross-paradigm macro-structure analysis of research articles in Information Systems.English for Specific Purposes,45, pp.14-30. Barata, J. and Cunha, P.R., 2017. Synergies between quality management and information systems: a literature review and map for further research.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,28(3-4), pp.282-295. Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C.L., Randolph, A.B., Chong, A.Y.L. and., 2017. An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research.Industrial Management Data Systems,117(3), pp.442-458. Hung, S.Y., Huang, W.M., Yen, D.C., Chang, S.I. and Lu, C.C., 2016. Effect of Information Service Competence and Contextual Factors on the Effectiveness of Strategic Information Systems Planning in Hospitals.Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM),24(1), pp.14-36. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016.Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Marabelli, M. and Galliers, R.D., 2016. A reflection on information systems strategizing: the role of power and everyday practices.Information Systems Journal. Jha, A.K. and Bose, I., 2016. Innovation research in information systems: A commentary on contemporary trends and issues.Information Management,53(3), pp.297-306. Sedera, D., Lokuge, S., Grover, V., Sarker, S. and Sarker, S., 2016. Innovating with enterprise systems and digital platforms: A contingent resource-based theory view.Information Management,53(3), pp.366-379. Intezari, A., Intezari, A., Gressel, S. and Gressel, S., 2017. Information and reformation in KM systems: big data and strategic decision-making.Journal of Knowledge Management,21(1), pp.71-91. Park, J.G. and Lee, J., 2014. Knowledge sharing in information systems development projects: Explicating the role of dependence and trust.International Journal of Project Management,32(1), pp.153-165. Kraak, V.I. and Story, M., 2015. Influence of food companies' brand mascots and entertainment companies' cartoon media characters on children's diet and health: a systematic review and research needs.Obesity reviews,16(2), pp.107-126.

Lets Write a Winning College Application Essay!

Why is it that most students freeze up when it comes to writing the college application essay? Its an essay about a topic you know very well: yourself. Many students think that in order to write a great essay, they have to be a straight-A student or a star athlete or have done volunteer work in a Nicaraguan orphanage over the summer. In fact, the beauty of the college application essay is that its not about what youve done its about how well youre able to write about yourself. Anyone can write a great essay if they focus on the right things. Heres a step-by-step guide to writing the best college application essay you can: Brainstorm The essay is a chance for the college application officers to get to know you better. Think about something that you wish to communicate about yourself. If you already know what you want to write about, great! If not, sit down and make a list of your personality traits, activities, strengths and passions. Talk to your friends, teachers, coaches or parents and ask them if they would add anything to the list. Sometimes an outside perspective can help you see things you werent aware of. Identify your strengths If you are a star athlete, straight-A student, class president, or some other form of superlative, then the essay will probably be made infinitely easier. But most people arent stars. Youve got to work with the strengths you do possess. Maybe youre not the best athlete at your school. Maybe youre a middle ranking one. But, maybe you started out at the bottom of the pack and worked your way up. Instead of quitting, you now secure your position on the team and support the star athletes who couldnt do it without you. Maybe you never missed a practice. Maybe you also have strong leadership skills or have a knack for boosting team morale and were voted player of the year. Those things are worth mentioning to a college application officer. Dont think about generic ideas of strengths. You dont have to be number one. You just have to recognize whats great about you. Tell them about your passions What do you enjoy doing with your time? Are you an artist? An IT fanatic? Do you enjoy leadership positions and participate in the student body? Are you a musician? An actor? An environmentalist? Are you an introvert who sits quietly in the library during lunch and writes poetry? Whats your thing? If you have a calling, write about it. Describe how that activity makes you feel. Have you earned any accolades or awards, officially or unofficially for your talent? Include them. Dont be boring Admissions counselors will love you if you write something creative and original. Do you have any idea how many essays they have to read each year? A lot of students are afraid to say something that the counselors wont like and end up taking the safe route instead of daring to be different. Be creative, look at the question or subject from a different angle. Explore an uncommon point of view. Just dont be boring! Dont be afraid of controversy Dont be afraid to tackle controversy in your essay. If theres a specific issue that you feel strongly about, express it. Maybe youre anti-war and feel that the past two presidential administrations spent too much time and energy fighting wars abroad. Maybe youre pro-war and you feel that the nations military programs need to be expanded. Whatever your stance on the subject you choose, make sure you allow time to consider counterarguments and give examples of why you feel so strongly and how this particular issue affects you. Dont make a list Dont write a resume or make a list of your accomplishments. There should be plenty of space to list them on the rest of your application. The application essay should have a specific theme that you identify in the beginning and carry through to the end. Dont try to talk about a bunch of different topics and experiences. It will sound muddled and its not the point of the essay. The point of the essay is for the college application officers to see how well you can express yourself and to get to know your personality, not just your test scores. They want to see the student behind the grades and numbers. Write in your own voice If you had some assistance from someone else, especially if its an adult, in crafting your essay, please make sure that the final outcome has your own voice. Admissions counselors will be able to tell if the essay was mainly written by a parent or if it reflects a students viewpoint. Remember, they dont want a perfect paper. They want to get to know you better. And hiding behind the sophisticated language of adults isnt going to allow them to accomplish that. By trying to craft the perfect essay, you will end up robbing the readers of the opportunity to find out who you are. Ask for feedback You may want to show your essay to a trusted teacher or your college counselor or a parent or your friend. Or all of the above. Getting someone elses feedback may help you identify weaknesses in your essay that you could address before submitting it. But remember that the essay is yours and if you dont agree with the advice, dont take it. How to self-edit Read it through several times out loud. Reading out loud is a much more effective way to spot awkward phrasing and errors than reading to yourself. If you find yourself stumbling over your words, go back and edit. Keep editing and re-reading out loud until it comes out smoothly. Rigorously submit it to spelling, grammar and punctuation checks. If those things arent your strong suit, let someone else with better editing skills read it. Good luck on your college applications!

Humphrey Bogart essays

Humphrey Bogart essays Humphrey Bogart was one to always push himself to the limit, and would expect the best of him at all tasks. Bogart never lowered his standards to less then one-hundred percent. Bogart once told his best friend I believe in being direct, simple, and honest. Bogarts attitude towards his work and his peers made people enjoy who he was, and some were puzzled about who he was. On January 23, 1899 Dr. Defrost Bogart and Maude Bogart gave birth to Humphrey Defrost Bogart. Humphrey had two younger sisters. During Humphreys childhood, he lived in a prominent section in New York and had a seasonal retreat in Canandaigua Lake. Dr. Bogart taught his only son how to play chess and how to sail. Humphrey would continue to sail and play chess the rest of his life. Dr. Defrost Bogart was a prominent surgeon in Manhattan, and Maude Bogart was a successful illustrator. Humphreys education persisted of attending private schools only. Maude and DeForest Humphreys desire was for Humphrey to become a doctor and not end up at Broadway. His journey of schools first started off at Trinity school. After Trinity, Bogart attended Phillips Academy where he was preparing for medical school. During Bogarts preparation for becoming a doctor, he had failing grades which eventually got him expelled from Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. After the expulsion, in the spring of 1918 Bogart traded in his graduation cap for an enlistment in the Navy. After being discharged in the Navy, Bogart decided to look up an old family friend. Once Bogart found William A. Brady, Brady put him to work as an office boy. Eventually Bogart discovered a job becoming a stage manager a long with doing chores at Bradys film studio in New York World Film Corp. In 1922 Bradys daughter Alice thought that Bogart had acting potential. Assuming she was correct, Alice gav e Bogart a small part in Drifting, a p...

E.T. Movie Released

E.T. Movie Released The movie E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial was a hit from the day it was released (June 11, 1982) and quickly became one of the most beloved movies of all time. The Plot The movie E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial was about a 10-year-old boy, Elliott (played by Henry Thomas), who befriended a little, lost alien. Elliott named the alien E.T. and did his best to hide him from adults. Soon Elliotts two siblings, Gertie (played by Drew Barrymore) and Michael (played by Robert MacNaughton), discovered E.T.s existence and helped. The children tried to help E.T. construct a device so that he could phone home and thus hopefully become rescued from the planet he was accidentally left upon. During the time they spent together, Elliott and E.T. create such a strong bond that when E.T. started to become sick, so did Elliott. The plot got even sadder when agents from the government discovered the dying E.T. and quarantined him. Elliott, distraught by his friends illness, eventually rescues  his friend and flees  from the pursuing government agents. Realizing that E.T. would only really get better if he could go home, Elliott took E.T. to the spaceship that had returned for him. Knowing they would never see each other again, the two good friends say  goodbye. Creating E.T. They storyline of E.T. had its beginnings in director Steven Spielbergs own past. When Spielbergs parents divorced in 1960, Spielberg invented an imaginary alien to keep him company. Using the idea of a lovable alien, Spielberg worked with Melissa Mathison (future wife of Harrison Ford) on the set of Raiders of the Lost Ark to write the screenplay. With the screenplay written, Spielberg needed the right alien to play E.T. After spending $1.5 million, the E.T. we now know and love was created in multiple versions for close-ups, full-body shots, and animatronics. Reportedly, the look of E.T. was based on Albert Einstein, Carl Sandburg, and a pug dog. (Personally, I can definitely see the pug in E.T.) Spielberg filmed E.T. in two very unusual ways. First, nearly all of the movie was filmed from the eye-level of the children, with most of the adults in E.T. only seen from about the waist down. This perspective allowed even adult moviegoers to feel like a child while watching the movie. Secondly, the film was mostly shot in chronological order, which is not a common filmmaking practice. Spielberg chose to film this way so that the child actors would have a more realistic, emotional reaction to E.T. throughout the movie and especially during E.T.s departure at the end. E.T. Was a Hit E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial was a blockbuster movie right from its release. Its opening weekend grossed $11.9 million and E.T. stayed at the top of the charts for over four months. At the time, it was the largest grossing movie ever made. E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial was nominated for nine Academy Awards and won four of them: Sound Effects Editing, Visual Effects, Best Music (Original Score), and Best Sound (Best Picture that year went to Gandhi). E.T. touched the hearts of millions and has remained one of the best movies ever made.

Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Analysis - Assignment Example Indeed, he claims that bureaucracy is the most rational and efficient form of organization established by man.2 Most assuredly, Weber establishes the merits and demerits of bureaucracy. Notably, Weber conceived sociology as a science with a view of interpreting and understanding social conduct.3 In addressing the substance of sociology, he focused on rationalization as the most general element in the philosophy of history and the constitutive element of modern western society.4 He contends that strict systematic forms of thoughts, which characterize law, are fundamental to rational jurisprudence. Notably, Weber measured rationalization by assessing the extent at which ideas gain in systematic coherence and consistency as well as by assessing the displacement of magical elements of thoughts.5 Moreover, he classifies rationalization into value rationality and purpose rationality. While value rationality focuses on intrinsic value only, purpose rationality focuses on consequences of an action.6 Furthermore, Weber analyzed the concept of domination and established that the emergence of rational societies is critically dependent on the exercise of domination.7 The Weber’s central theme of rationalization process moves from magicians to priests who seek to protect their positions using systematic religious beliefs.8 He also believed that capitalism is the highest level of rationality in economic behavior and established that the concepts of economic ratio nality are in conflict.9 Ultimately, he asserts that the religious roots of modern capitalism led to utilitarianism, which further led to materialism.10 This chapter reckons that there has been immense growth in public administration where the emergence of a wide range of generic and specialized journals, the increasing number of public administration programs, and the

Heart Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Heart Cases - Essay Example The left foot is erythemic (red), edematous (swollen), very warm and painful to touch, consistent with cellulitis (inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue) You observe infected puncture wounds over the dorsal surface and lateral malleolus. The patient admits to having a heroine addiction and injecting himself multiple times in these areas. During an examination of the patient you carefully assess heart sounds and discover a low murmer at the lower left sternal border. You suspect infective endocarditis and admit the patient to the hospital for intravenous antibiotic treatment.. 3. Trace the pathway bacteria must travel, naming the blood vessels, to reach the point of infection in the heart. The bacteria travels from the leg through the posterior tibial vein, anterior tibial vein, popliteal vein, great saphenous vein, common iliac vein, inferior vena cava and into the heart. 4. If a clump of bacteria or a blood thrombus should break off the site of infection in the heart, where would this embolus travel and what condition could it cause? Trace the path and name the vessels. The embolus would move into the right ventricle and through the pulmonary vein. Deep vein thrombosis A 58-year-old African American male was admitted from a nursing home with a chief complaint of being lethargic and not acting appropriately. The patient stated that his legs hurt, and they had been hurting for a long time. Hemolytic Anemia occurs due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells. It is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over. 4. Describe the life cycle of a red blood cell. How are old and damaged erythrocytes disposed of and recycled? The life cycle of a mature erythrocyte is about 12O days. As these cells do not have a nucleus, they cannot split or synthesize new components. Therefore, the cells degenerate owing to damage or aging. At the end of its life, it returns to

Statista Report Essay Example for Free

Statista Report Essay The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM ? The EGM is the Print Media survey in Spain †¢ Since 1968 †¢ Multimedia: †¢ Newspapers (currency) †¢ Magazines (currency) †¢ Radio (currency) †¢ Cinema †¢ Tv (Referential for meters) †¢ Internet (Referential for meters) †¢ Outdoors †¢ The EGM is the Cross Media survey in Spain 2 The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM Radio n = 36. 000 EGM 2000 EGM Multimedia n = 43. 000 The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM Radio n = 36. 000 EGM 2007 EGM Newspaper n = 32. 000 EGM Multimedia n = 43. 000 3 The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM With these extensions we have two different data for Radio and Newspapers: ? The official data (multimedia+monomedia) ? The multimedia data from the Cross Media Survey Example: In 2007 the official audience of â€Å"El Pais was 2,234,000 readers, and the result for the Cross Media Survey was 2,127,000 readers, some 5% less. The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM The â€Å"Market† accepted the coexistence of two different data: ? â€Å"the official data†, currency for the media, is used in the monomedia advertising plans for Radio or Newspapers. ? â€Å"the other data† is used in the multimedia advertising plan where Radio stations or Newspapers titles are included. 4 The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM Radio n = 49. 000 EGM 2008 EGM Newspaper n = 45. 000 EGM Multimedia EGM Magazine n = 20. 000 n = 30. 000 EGM TV n = 13. 000 The Print Media surveys in Spain EGM The Market demanded the implementation of a Data Fusion Process with the following conditions: ? Audience data for each title, station, etc, must fully coincide with the data that comes from each official source. ? The procedure must be traceable. ? Lastly, it would be convenient that the procedure not imply a long-time frame to come up with presentable data. 5 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion: Origin Interviews: MULTIMEDIA 30. 00 DEMO GRAPHICS OTHERS INTERNET CINEMA OUTDOORS + LIFE STYLE EQUIPMENT CONSUMPTION + NEWSPAPERS RADIO MAGAZINES TV MOMOMEDIA NEWSPAPERS + 45. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + NEWSPAPERS + + + MOMOMEDIA RADIO + 49. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + RADIO + + MOMOMEDIA MAGAZINES + 20. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + + MAGAZINES + MOMOMEDIA TV + 13. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + + + TV The Print Media surveys i n Spain Data Fusion. Final Objetive Interviews: MULTIMEDIA 30. 000 DEMO GRAPHICS OTHERS INTERNET CINEMA OUTDOORS + LIFE STYLE EQUIPMENT CONSUMPTION + NEWSPAPERS RADIO MAGAZINES TV MOMOMEDIA NEWSPAPERS + 45. 000 DEMO GRAPHICS + NEWSPAPERS + + + MOMOMEDIA RADIO + 49. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + RADIO + + MOMOMEDIA MAGAZINES + 20. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + + MAGAZINES + MOMOMEDIA TV + 13. 000 + DEMO GRAPHICS + + + + + + TV = TOTAL = DEMO GRAPHICS = OTHERS INTERNET CINEMA OUTDOORS = LIFE STYLE EQUIPMENT CONSUMPTION = NEWSPAPERS = RADIO = MAGAZINES = TV 6 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System We used predefined strata of known size in the population: Province (50) x Town Size (2) x Week Day (2)= 200 strata Province (50) x Town Size (2) x Gender (2)= 200 strata (Depending on the Media being fused) We wanted to make sure that the strata of the 5 studies and the sum of the 5 original files amount to the same as the population within each strata: Example: Province Valencia Town Size + 50. 000 Gender Men Population 902,626 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System The sum file of the 5 initial surveys has missing information that we are going to fulfill in 5 steps, adding with each step the information of one of the media with monomedia extention, and the rest of the information that only exists in the multimedia survey. 7 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System In each strata we used a donor-receiving system, assigned the information to each receiver of the closest donor of the available ones, computed the range on the basis of a wide set of variables: Age Role Social Status Weekday Language Household Size Town Etc. Nationality Children in home Sex The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Distances are rank ordered and the pair of most similar individuals is selected: For each stratus h 1 wr1 2 wr2 Receivers †¦ †¦ j wrj †¦ q wrq Donors 1 2 . . i . . p Weight Weight wd1 wd2 †¦ †¦ wdi †¦ †¦ wdp Distance Matrix 8 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Distance matrix is computed and distances are rank ordered from greatest to lowest. Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 8,00 3,00 1,50 2,00 1,00 0,50 8,00 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Pair with the lowest distance between them is selected. Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 8,00 3,00 1,50 2,00 1,00 0,50 8,00 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix 9 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Receiver is pasted donor information Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 8,00 3,00 1,50 2,00 1,00 0,50 8,00 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix Donor weight greater than receiver weight The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Receiver is written in to the fused file with its own weight and deleted from the distance table Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 8,00 3,00 1,50 2,00 1,00 0,50 8,00 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix Donor weight greater than receiver weight 0 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Donor finishes in the table with a weight equal to the difference in weight bettewn that of the donor and that of the receiver Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 7,40 3,00 1,50 2,00 0,40 0,50 7,40 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix Donor weight greater than receiver weight The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Pair with the lowest distance between them is selected. Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 ,10 7,40 3,00 1,50 2,00 0,40 0,50 7,40 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix 11 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Receiver is pasted donor information Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 3,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 7,40 3,00 1,50 2,00 0,40 0,50 7,40 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix Donor weight less than receiver weight The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Receiver is written to the fused file with a weight equal to the donor weight Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: ,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 7,40 3,00 1,50 2,00 0,40 0,50 7,40 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Mat rix Donor weight less than receiver weight 12 The Print Media surveys in Spain Data Fusion. System Donors and their weights: Receiver finishes in the table with a weight equal to the difference in weight Donor is deleted from the distance table Receivers and their weights: Total Receivers weight: 1,10 0,60 1,40 1,80 1,10 5,40 3,00 1,50 2,00 0,40 0,50 5,40 Total donors weight 8 2 6 1 3 7 5 Distance Matrix Donor weight less than receiver weight The Print Media surveys in Spain Conclusions Donor file, Receiver file and Fused file contain exactly the same information in the imputed variables, and this for all the common strata and for all their possible additions. Internal relations among fused variables are kept and are the same for all the files and surveys. For those variables not controlled, distributions should be as similar as possible. Traceability is possible, one can know exactly how many times each record is replicated, and how original interviews are the base for each data. 13 Thank you! WRRS Valencia 2009 14

bridal shower :: essays research papers

Schedule A shower usually lasts about 2 hours. Here is a "typical" schedule: †¢ Greet guests - serve light appetizers †¢ Have each guest introduce themselves and identify how they know the bride †¢ Play 2-4 shower games. It is good to play games at the beginning as icebreakers. †¢ Serve food or have guests help themselves to a buffet. †¢ Give party favors to guests as they leave. Ultimate Memory Game!! contributed by Alyssa This one is a sure-fire hit! Tell your guests you're now having a memory game. Do NOT say "memorize what's on the tray". Have the bride or mother of the bride come out with a tray or platter of kitchen untensils and other related items. Have her walk fairly slow around the room to show all the guests what is one the tray, then walk out & stay in another room. Then ask the party guests to grab a notepad and start to write down....what the bride or mother of the bride was wearing! This one will bring a few moans, but it's fun & the ultimate test of memory! It works best as the first game. The one with the most correct answers (types of clothing, colors, etc..), is the winner. Bridal Pictionary contributed by Loida Write down as many names of things associated with weddings and brides on slips of paper. Put the slips into a bag. Divide all of the guests into two teams. One person from each team gets a chance to draw the word on a slip of paper pulled out of the bag, and the team must guess what is being drawn in one minute. If the team drawing doesn't guess the word, the other team gets one minute to guess it. As they guess correctly, each team gets a point. The winning team with the most correct guesses wins the prizes. I want to see you... contributed by Salina B. Have everyone write down on a piece of paper something they'd like the bride to do (ie. sing a song, bark like a dog, etc) and put their name on the paper. Then have everyone give their papers to the bride. Once they are all received, as the bride reads the name of the first person and what their request is, inform everyone that the brides request is to have everyone else perform what they have written. Watch everyones faces as they think of what they wrote. It's a blast!

Religion and Various Team Members

What does the Bible say about caring for the sick? How do the roles of the various team members within the healing-hospital blueprint address caring for the sick from a biblical standpoint?The biblical passage supporting caring of the sick is: â€Å"Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the Church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. And the prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.† (James 5:14). This scripture states the power of prayer and that God has the direct power to fully heal any illness that overcomes a body. It also means that God has power over someone who is sick or for someone who is praying (elders of the Church), over a sick person, and the power to keep praying until the person is healed. This bible verse also means that if a person is a follower of the Lord they will be relieved of their sickness and their sins will be forgi ven. The roles of various team members in the healing hospital addresses caring for the sick without bias on diversity and individualism. The biblical standpoint is by doing spiritual assessments and interventions for all religions , beliefs , faiths, and allowing the spiritual leader such as a chaplain to perform prayer or practices that allows components of healing.

Productive and Counterproductive Behavior

Productive and Counterproductive Behaviors An organization will have employees with one of two behavior types. They can either be productive or counterproductive. The root cause of counterproductive behavior can be rooted in employee turnover, attendance issues, or lack of training. It is up to the organization to make an attempt to identify what the causes of their employees’ counterproductive behavior and attempt to find a workable solution. Productive Behavior and its Impact on an Organization Employers want productive behavior out of their employees because productive employees create revenue for the organization. However, employees tend to think just because they are doing â€Å"something† and not idle they are being productive. Their way of thinking would be incorrect. Productive behavior is â€Å"employee behavior that contributes positively to the goals and objectives of the organization† (Jex & Britt, 2008). As we can see merely doing something to occupy ones time is not being productive. Whether or not an employee is being productive can be measured by the cost associated with the employee’s performance and how effective they are. For example, there are two employees in a shoe store with similar sales figures and they sell the same number of shoes each month. The only difference in these two employees is that employee A works ten hours per day and employee B works a six-hour day. Employee B is the more productive employee because employee B accomplishes the same goal in fewer hours. There is a lower cost associated with employee B making him the more productive employee. Efficient employees are productive because they complete large amount of work in a short period of time. When employees are being productive they are concentrating on performing â€Å"core tasks† (Jex & Britt, 2008) and are bringing in revenue for the organization. An organization with productive employees will see less employee absences and in their turnover rate. Counterproductive Behavior Counterproductive behavior is â€Å"behavior that explicitly runs counter to the goals of an organization† (Jex & Britt, 2008). Employees who are counterprodtive may be employees who have issues with absenteeism or frequently tardy, substance abuse, they may steal from the employer, or simply have â€Å"ineffective job performance† (Jex & Britt, 2008). Any behavior that prevents an employee from conducting their job and producing for the employer is considered counterproductive. An Employee who take all day to complete a task because they are there all day and getting paid by the hour is an employee that is counterproductive. Another behavior that is counterproductive is an employee that uses unsafe practices at work. By not following safety rules employees can cause an injury to themselves or to another causing the employee to miss work. As previously stated, absenteeism is a counterproductive behavior. Strategies to Increase Productive Behavior To increase productive behavior in an organization and decrease counterproductive behavior an organization must investigate the cause. Sometimes the reason an employee is counterproductive are out of the employees’ control. For situations that are within the employees’ control, the organization must clearly outline their expectations for their employees. An organization must also outline the consequences for such negative behavior. Drug and alcohol testing and an attendance guidelines policy can be established. These policies will let the employee know what is expected of them and the consequences for not complying. The organization should also make efforts to understand why their employees are not coming to work (Associated Content, 2007). There are times when a personal issue can have its affect on an employees’ behavior. An organization can begin an employee assistance program that would offer counseling to employees if such a program were within the organizations budget. Lack of training and the appropriate tools for performing necessary job functions are factors that are out of the employees’ control. The organization needs to ensure all of their employees have all the proper tools. They can easily do a visual survey and question employees asking them what tools they could use to better perform their job function. Organizations must also ensure all of their employees have the proper training. If employees are not adequately trained they do not know how to perform their job functions. Organizations must adequately train or retrain if necessary any and all employees that require training. At times performing follow up training with all employees ensures employees are all on the same page as far as what their specific job functions are. Performance appraisals also need to be performed on all employees in order for them to know how they are performing in according with their job expectations. These performance appraisals will also serve as a tool to help the employee improve their performance and productivity. A performance appraisal should also be used to praise employees and let them know what they are doing that makes a positive impact on the organization (hrVillage, n. d. ). Both of productive and counterproductive behaviors have their impact on an organization. There are a number of reasons an employee can be counterproductive. Once the root cause has been identified an organization can begin to turn the counterproductive behavior into productive behavior. References Associated Content. (2007). Call Centers: 6 Steps to Improving Employee Attendance and Performance. Retrieved, March 29, 2010, from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/189770/call_centers_6_steps_to_improving_employee. html? cat=31 hrVillage. (n. d. ). Employee Productivity. Retrieved, March 29, 2010, from http://www. hrvillage. com/human-resources/employee-productivity. htm Jex, S. M. &Britt, T. W. (2008). Organizational psychology: A scientist-practitioner approach, 2nd ed. New Jersey: John Wiley and sons.

Free Essays on 15th And 16th Century Slavery

15th & 16th Century Slavery â€Å"New slavery began with middle eastern and north African Muslims, then carried onto the European Christians, who turned African slavery into an intercontinental business.† (pg 32 Enduring Vision 4th edition)† Slavery already existed in the fifteenth century in west Africa. Kings and emperors owned slaves, and so did many families. Usually the slaves, and their children, were taken in to the owners family as time passed. New slavery developed because the Portuguese needed something cheaper and longer lasting than indentured slaves. Indentured slaves were usually low status people in debt or prisoners of war. They also needed to replace the Indian slaves because they kept dieing from malnutrition and disease. New slavery started when the Portuguese started traveling to Africa. They saw the Africans already using slavery. They decided to catch slaves from some tribes and trade them to others for gold and silver. This became very profiting for them. The Portuguese and Spanish created large slave labor plantations when they immigrated to America. These plantations produced sugar for the European market. The Europeans began shipping Africans over to work on these plantations. New slavery replaced tradition slavery. This is because the black slaves were not looked at like humans. Their black skin and different religion dehumanized them and made them in the Europeans eyes just a form of property. Because they saw them as property they didn’t care how hard they worked them, and only fed them enough to stay alive and working. The slave owners became very rich and slavery spread fast among the nation. There were many differences between traditional slavery and new slavery. Traditional slavery began with people buying small groups of slaves. These slaves resided in their master’s houses. They generally worked in and around their master’s household doing domestic services. New slavery consist... Free Essays on 15th And 16th Century Slavery Free Essays on 15th And 16th Century Slavery 15th & 16th Century Slavery â€Å"New slavery began with middle eastern and north African Muslims, then carried onto the European Christians, who turned African slavery into an intercontinental business.† (pg 32 Enduring Vision 4th edition)† Slavery already existed in the fifteenth century in west Africa. Kings and emperors owned slaves, and so did many families. Usually the slaves, and their children, were taken in to the owners family as time passed. New slavery developed because the Portuguese needed something cheaper and longer lasting than indentured slaves. Indentured slaves were usually low status people in debt or prisoners of war. They also needed to replace the Indian slaves because they kept dieing from malnutrition and disease. New slavery started when the Portuguese started traveling to Africa. They saw the Africans already using slavery. They decided to catch slaves from some tribes and trade them to others for gold and silver. This became very profiting for them. The Portuguese and Spanish created large slave labor plantations when they immigrated to America. These plantations produced sugar for the European market. The Europeans began shipping Africans over to work on these plantations. New slavery replaced tradition slavery. This is because the black slaves were not looked at like humans. Their black skin and different religion dehumanized them and made them in the Europeans eyes just a form of property. Because they saw them as property they didn’t care how hard they worked them, and only fed them enough to stay alive and working. The slave owners became very rich and slavery spread fast among the nation. There were many differences between traditional slavery and new slavery. Traditional slavery began with people buying small groups of slaves. These slaves resided in their master’s houses. They generally worked in and around their master’s household doing domestic services. New slavery consist...

Words That Begin with Q

Words That Begin with Q Words That Begin with Q Words That Begin with Q By Maeve Maddox Although Scrabble resources list hundreds of â€Å"English words† beginning with the letter q, there are only about 80 (not counting inflections) that most people are likely to encounter in their reading. I’ll categorize them according to â€Å"Basic Vocabulary,† â€Å"General Vocabulary,† and â€Å"Advanced Vocabulary.† Note: In English orthography, q is usually followed by the letter u. The conventional pronunciation of qu is [kw]. In a few words, qu is pronounced [k]; I’ll note them. Basic Vocabulary quail quaint Quaker qualify quality quantity quarrel quarry quart quartet quartz queen queer query quest question queue [kju] quiche [keesh] quick quiet quilt quintet quip quit quite quiz quota quote quotient General Vocabulary quack quaff quagmire quake qualm quandary quantum quark quash quasi quaver quay [kee] quell quench queasy quibble quicken quid quieten quill quince quirk quirt quiver quixotic Quixote (Standard American pronunciation of Quixote: [kee-HOH-tee]; Standard British pronunciation: [KWIK-sit]) quorum quoth Advanced Vocabulary quaestor quahog (also spelled quohog; some speakers pronounce the qu as [k]) quai [kay] (this is the word for the quays in Paris) quartile quean quern quiddity Quietism quietude quietus quiff quire quoin [KOYN] quoit [koit] and [kwoit] quondam Related post: Q in English Words Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorDisappointed + Preposition40 Synonyms for Praise

Final worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Final worksheet - Essay Example The project will strive to touch on everything learnt throughout the term although it will focus more on the aspect of male gaze and how it is related to today’s media from my own perspective. It will be unique in the sense that it will focus on male gaze in today’s world unlike how we only discussed past history over the term. What steps are/will you take to complete the project? How will you record your steps? (We can only evaluate what you present to us. For example, you may work for weeks on the creation and analysis of a coed football game. However, if by the end of the term all you share is that you held the game, we don’t see the fullness of your commitment. Images, interviews, journaling, and post analysis are all good ways to document what you did.) Explain in detail all the process and procedure you are intending to complete to create, implement, and complete your research project. My major focus will be to create an art piece and to keep a journal of all my project activities, why I undertake the activities, and what they stand for, in order to document all the experiences during the project work. I will also focus on creating rough drafts and sketches to show how the piece of art changes during the entire experience. List which readings, lectures, and activities you have completed in class that are leading you to designing your final project the way you are currently thinking? Remember that a minimum of three readings must be cited. Other sources, lectures, activity examples and the like may also be referenced and are highly encouraged. The major reading learnt in class that my project will be based on is â€Å"Bergers Ways of seeing†, although I will also borrow a few ideas from â€Å"Horowitz† readings. The other reading that I plan to borrow some information is the reading titled â€Å"Gender and Art†, by Gill Perry, which we learnt in class in the beginning of the term. The readings will form the foundation of the

Business Administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Administration - Essay Example There are three main ways to create organisational structures which are discussed below: Functional structure This technique divides work according to the function of an organisation; it makes departments on the basis of organisational functions such as marketing, finance, human resource etc. (Torraco & Swanson, 1995) This is a very successful way to create an organisational structure as it promotes strong communication between departments and allows employees to use their expertise to achieve organisational goals. This structure is used by both small and large firms (Tobey & Benson, 2009). Example Revlon is a multinational cosmetics, skin care, personal care and fragrance firm and it uses functional organisational structure to manage its 6800 employees. It focuses on organisational functions to meet organisational goals. (Five approaches to Organizational Design) Divisional structure This way of developing structure, make divisions according to the types of products and market areas (Ulrich and Brockbank, 2005). This structure is usually used by large firms which have wide variety of products and its operations are geographically expanded. Small size firms can also use divisional structure on a small scale (Vosburgh, 2007). ... It uses divisional structure. (Five approaches to Organizational Design) Matrix Matrix structure is combination of functional and divisional structure; it is a hybrid which is normally used by large multinational firms. Though it is a complex and costly structure but firms using this structure enjoy the benefit of both functional and divisional structures (Aguinis, 2009). Example Starbucks coffee company is an international coffee house which operates in many countries. It uses matrix structure which is costly but Starbucks Corporation is enjoying advantages of both functional and divisional structure which is helping them to expand and to maintain its focus on company’s goals (Hitt, 2008). How managers can be supported during the process of organisational structure change. Managers play an important role during the process of organisational structure change. They need to be very systematic to implement the change and has to be very careful about the processes involved (Armstr ong, 2009). Change can be a shift to other structure or it may also mean to bring in the change within the selected organisational structure (Beatty & Schneier, 997). There is an eight-step process which can support managers the process of structural change. Following figure shows the steps involves in the process: (CliffNotes) Managers first need to analyse the need for change of organisational structure, then they need to develop the goals of change, once they decide goals then they need to select the change agent, then they need to do diagnosis, after diagnosis they need to select the intervention method, then they need to do develop a plan for change, once the plan is develop than

Discussion 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Discussion 2 - Assignment Example rty four presidents who have been elected and only one president has been a minority of mixed race descent .Preliminary reports indicate that a majority of Americans are going to vote for a white president in the next coming elections since they view the incumbent as being ineffective and incapable of handling the requirements of the office (Watkins 57). The entertainment industry is also another sector where racism is still prevalent. A very high percentage of the leading men and women in Hollywood blockbuster films are Caucasian, while the other positions are left to the ever growing population of minorities. In those instances where minorities are starring, the roles are tailored in such a way that they are specifically for minorities and the majority of the cast is comprised of fellow minority actors. It is very rare that a minority is able to acquire a role based on his/her acting prowess regardless of whether they fit the Hollywood stereotype of leading men and women possessing physical attributes that are associated with Caucasians such as, blue eyes, white complexion and free flowing hair which out rightly prevents minority actors from getting such roles. Additionally, black actors for instance, are mostly drafted in roles depicting drug dealers, gang members while actors of Latin descent are drafted to roles depicting them as drug cartel members and drug lords. This points to a deep rooted thinking, where the majority of the Caucasian population perceives the minorities as being the antagonists while they consider themselves as being the protagonists and heroes (Watkins 63). The film ‘Do the Right Thing’ by Spike Lee, released in 1989, aimed to show the deep rooted and unassuming racial undertones that are still prevalent in modern day America. The movie showed how the average African American is subjected to daily racism, which has led to the majority of the young African American male youth towards a life of drugs and gang violence in order to

Post Impressionism and Vincent Van Gogh

Post Impressionism and Vincent Van Gogh In and around 1911, there were art critics that freely used the phrase post-impressionistic as a means to illustrate the work of several artists paintings reveal Impressionistic standards. Post Impressionism was a creative shift to follow Impressionism that was to break the Impressionistic style. Post-impressionism consisted of various movements by a group of individual artists searching for a new way to create art. The principal aim of Impressionism was to objectively record the natural world in terms of the protean effects of color and light. The Post-Impressionists modified this aim in favor of a more ambitious expression of color and light (Norfleet, 2009). The new styles that these artists created proceeded to additional influential abstract styles and formed the basis for 20th Century Modernism. Post-impressionist artists pushed Impressionist standards past what they had previously been explored. Arthur Kleinberg (2010) states that artists of the Post-Impressionism period are responsible for putting an extreme amount of emphasis on the movement of color and light, rather than concentrate on the significance of the artwork. The Post-Impressionists aimed to find more depth in the roles of color, form, and solidity in painting, resulting, in artists attempt to use more powerful, brighter or more contrasting colors, in addition to outline. In addition, artists also experimented with the mental properties of brushwork. Post-impressionism used ideas from impressionism, such as using brilliant colours and broken brushstrokes, but eliminated the idea of painting scenes exactly as they appeared. They experimented with unusual compositions and often used the consistency of paint. According to Nancy Moure (2001), European art signifies the style numerous distinct artists working between 1880 and 1906. Artists during this time were concerned with the termination of Impressionisms form and the attempt to invest more importance into paintings when more experiments are performed, during more experiments. The style supported by the Post-Impressionists is a signal of the previous movement where the artists works often possessed a loose-fitting and unclear quality painting that gave simply the idea of the subject instead of a natural duplication and also experiment with techniques like the use of colour. Artists that utilize colour and representation of light not only seize personal analysis of the scene like the Impressionists but also the emotion that the painter can associates with the subject at that time. Artists would often paint their work quickly to capture the light at a particular time of day. Also, artists would paint light-coloured canvases with flat brushes to enhance the brightness in the pieces. More important than subject matter was the artists painting style and the creation of a new paint application. Post-Impressionism includes all artists whose main goal is to express more than a visual interpretation but intend to portray emotion and intellect in addition to imagery. During this time, styles and techniques concentrated on personal impressions and an advanced use of colour to communicate moods and emotions. Post-Impressionism aimed to get additional form and structure, in addition to more expression and emotion into their paintings. However, Post-Impressionist artists continue to develop and experiment these principles with newer styles and procedures; the most famous being the expressionistic, ornamental and regularly abnormal use of colour to portray the artists emotional state. Moure (2001) expresses that Post-Impressionism was an important experimental linkage to modern art leading to upcoming styles. Modern Art obtains an extensive meaning for classifying itself. Modern Art could be sometimes labeled as an art of appearance and an art of freedom. Modern Art can consist of several techniques that are used. The style of art that exhibits an art of expression can be known as the style of Expressionism. In the early years of the expressionism, artists built on the ideas of the Post-Impressionism. Artists continued on with the similar experiments, view, and ideas that were given by the work. Artists continued to look for a new and more intense truth behind their painting. According to Architecture411.com (2006), modern expressionism is characterized as a creative style which the artist produces their artwork by combining illustrations or objects with emotions. This is accomplished by using both factual and theoretical emphasis on color, consistency, unclear su bject matter, deformation, abnormal strength, exaggeration and changed surrounding imagery. A Post-Impressionist painter that was most influential to the modern artists of the 20th century is Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh. Van Gogh influenced expressionism in modern art. It was Van Goghs desire to create stunning things that come from within in addition his desire to reach to those around him that will help to label his role as a painter. In addition, Van Gogh was influential because when it came to expressionism, his work showed his emotions due to the fact that he suffered from depression. Van Goghs work conveys its outstanding colour, coarse brushwork, and curvy forms. These were a close reflection of his feelings as he painted. After Van Gogh moved to Paris, he brightened his colour palette under the influence of Impressionism, and before moving to Arles, in France, he developed the brilliant colours, brushwork and thick, textured paint called impasto of his ultimate style. Impastos provide Van Goghs pictures with a better sense of physical energy and a plain texture surface. Van Gogh achieved great impression about his works since he uses a variety of color pigments to express his paintings. Van Gogh used color for its symbolic and expressive values rather than to reproduce light and literal surroundings like Impressionist artists. In addition, he conveys feelings and generate moods with color randomly use it rather than use the real color of objects. Van Gogh is so instrumental and influential during the Post-Impressionism period because when creating his work of art, he would insert colors into skin where they did not belong. One of the earliest and most famous examples of Expressionism is Van Goghs famous oil paintings Starry Night. This painting was of a typical nocturnal scene in the neighborhood of the psychiatric hospital in Saint-RÃ ©my where Van Gogh stayed for a year. Van Gogh spilled his emotions into this painting. Starry Night is a struggle among a man and his depression. Van Gogh had a passion for the dark night. Starry Night replicates the pain the artist is going through. The brisk strokes, the animated colours of the stars in the painting next to the dark blues and the blacks in reference to the night imitate the need of a hopeless man in the center of the black, starry night. In conclusion, Post-Impressionism projected that the originality of 20th Century art was the primary focus. Artists developed their own style to produce works that lead to developments later in the art of the 20th Century. Some artists concentrated on the fundamental structure while other artists emphasize on the texture and pattern for significant effects. Because of the Post-Impressionist period, many artists have considered painting objects full of color with vigorous surfaces rather than scenes. Impressionalists created a permanent change and that art will constantly increase according to the artist. Whatever was cause, it cannot be denied that several great artists of this period assumed that the main function of art was to express intense feelings to the world. Vincent van Gogh is very influential the modern artists of the 20th Century since he altered the point of views of several artists with his personal paintings. Van Goghs used bright colours when painting and the uniqueness shows through the curves and lines that he used in his paintings as well as the attention of colour that is used to express his emotions which modern artists will continue to do throughout the 20th Century.

Starting a New Business Essays -- Setting Up a Business

Introduction As Regina Meyers contemplates opening a Satanic coffeehouse in her hometown, she must make a number of critical business decisions related to business organization, ownership, structure, and management. A number of her friends and family members have expressed interest in partnering with her or simply being involved. As Regina’s legal adviser, I have been asked to provide advice to her on a variety of topics outlined below. Business: Friends, Family, and Foes As an entrepreneur and business owner myself, I applaud Regina for taking the first steps towards establishing her business - a Satanic coffeehouse – while also respectfully providing advice based on some of my personal lessons learned. The first, and from my perspective the most important, decision Regina must make is related to the ownership structure of her business. While respecting that Ben, her husband, is willing to make a capital investment in the business but does not desire to participate in the operation and management, Regina needs to ensure that, as a married couple, they both understand and accept the responsibilities and risks involved with starting a business. From the information presented in the background notes, I am concerned that Ben’s pledge of a financial investment in the proposed company was from personally managed funds and not jointly-managed funds. If, indeed, the financial support pledged was from her husband’s personal funds, I would respectfully advise Regina against the accepting the investment as the marriage relationship would likely suffer by adding a non-union investor-investee financial relationship. With this noted, if Ben’s financial contribution is actually a confirmation supporting the use of their joint financial re... ...trieved from BCP Business Center: http://www.business.ftc.gov/documents/inv05-buying-franchise-consumer-guide Gaston Regional Chamber. (2013, December 2). Just starting out/business formation. Retrieved from Gaston Regional Chamber: http://gaston.toolsforbusiness.info/northcarolina/1b/formation/ North Carolina Department of the Secretary of State. (2013, December 2). Search for a corporation by name. Retrieved from Corporations Division: http://www.secretary.state.nc.us/corporations/searchresults.aspx?onlyactive=OFF&Words=STARTING&searchstr=The%20Gathering%20Place United States Patent and Trademark Office. (2013, December 2). Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS). Retrieved from United States Patent and Trademark Office: http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/index.jsp Wagner, E. (2013, September 12). Five reasons eight out of ten businesses fail. Forbes.com, p. 1.

Locke on Language Essay

John Locke (1632-1704) is a great influential British philosopher, reputed by many as the first of the great English empiricists. He offered a comprehensive philosophy of language as well, which was the first of its kind in modern philosophy. In line with Descartes, he pushed reason to the forefront as a tool of philosophical enquiry and opposed authoritarianism and blind acceptance of dictates of religion or superstitions. Locke’s masterpiece, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, concerns itself with determining the limits of human understanding and the legitimacy of knowledge claims. Specifically, Book III of the work investigates into language and its importance in the process of knowledge and epistemological enquiries. Let me brief the main aspects of his approach to language and the context from which it evolves out. Body of the Essay (Lockean Enquiry into Language) In the four Books of the Essay, Locke considers the sources and nature of human knowledge and as a part of it he takes up a study of language. (An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Locke, 1. 1. 7. , p. 47). Against Descartes, he claimed, that mind has no innate ideas (primary notions or inborn ideas). Human mind is a tabula rasa (clear slate) and experiences write on it. In holding this view he subscribes to the axiom of empiricism that ‘there is nothing in the intellect that was not previously in the senses’. Ideas are but materials, out of which, knowledge is constructed. Neither speculative or innate moral principles, nor ideas, such as God, identity, etc. , are there in the mind of the new-born. ‘Children and the idiots prove it’, Locke says. His theory of substratum and substance, and the distinction he makes between primary and secondary qualities are all someway connected to his theory of language. The distinction between real essences and nominal essences, which he makes, stems from his theories of substance and qualities. It seems Locke holds some version of the representational theory of perception, though some scholars dispute it. Locke is not at all skeptic about substances as did Hume. Since Berkeley, Locke’s theory of the substratum or substance has been attacked as incoherent. Since we have no such experience of such an entity there is no way to derive such an idea from experience, his critics argue. (cf. I. IV. 18. p 95) The real essence of a material thing is its atomic constitution. The atomic constitution is the causal basis of all the observable properties of the thing. If the real essences were known all the observable properties could be deduced from it. These real essences are quite unknown to us according to Locke. Ayer interprets: ‘substance in general’ means whatever it is that supports qualities, while the real essence means ‘the particular atomic constitution lying behind observable qualities. Ayer treats the unknown substratum as the same as real essence. This interpretation eliminates the need to explain particulars without properties. But it is to be accepted that such reductionism lacks textual support from Locke and it conflicts some of Locke’s own positions according to some critics. A theory of meaning (semantic theory) is central to any philosophical account of language Locke also develops one when he claims that our words (general terms) refer to our (abstract) ideas. Abstract ideas and classification are of central importance to Locke’s discussion of language. Words that stand for ideas can be distinguished as ideas of substances, simple modes, mixed modes, relations etc. Not all words are ideas, for example, particles that relate. In his analysis of language, Locke gives more attention to nouns than to verbs (II. 7. 1. p 471). Though Locke’s main semantic theory claimed that â€Å"Words in their primary or immediate signification signify nothing but the ideas in the mind of him that uses them†, it was vehemently criticized as a classic blunder in semantic theory. For J. S. Mill, Locke seems not distinguishing the meaning of the word from its reference. But as Norman Kretzmann rightly points out Locke distinguishes between meaning and reference (Tipton, 1977, pp. 123-140). In Locke’s discussion on substances, he says, physical substances are atoms and things made up of atoms. But we have no experience of the atomic structure of horses and tables. Horses and tables are known through secondary qualities such as color, taste, smell etc and primary qualities such as shape and extension. Hence he held that real essence cannot give meaning of names. Ordinary people are the chief makers of language, he believed. Conclusion Locke brought in a tradition in language theory that influenced James Campbell and I. A. Richards, rhetoricians like Edward P. J. Corbett, Condillac, Saussure and structuralists like Claude Levi-Strauss. Linguistic philosophy (logical positivism, logical atomism and so on) in 20th century had something to respond to Locke if not to receive from him. However, I wouldn’t reckon Locke as a linguist than an empiricist. References Locke, John (1995) An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Aemherst, New York: Prometheus Books. Kretzmann, Norman (1977) â€Å"The Main Thesis of Locke’s Semantic Theory†. in Locke on Human Understanding,(ed) I. C. Tipton. pp. 123-140.

Abuse: How It Effects Cognitive Development Essay

Abstract Research indicates that traumatic childhood experiences, such as abuse, increase the risk for different cognitive development disorders that effect learning, memory, and consciousness. Statistics show that no one age, gender, or ethnic group is excluded. Cognitive development that is affected includes depression, learning disorders, developmental disorders, attachment disorders and PTSD. Patterns of attachment affect the quality of information processing throughout the individual’s life. With this evidence, it is imperative to have programs available that focus on prevention for parents and children. There are outside management courses, substance abuse classes, school based educational programs, required registration of offenders, and background checks. Treatment strategies for children are also important and should include establishing safety, dealing with the trauma, and positive self-assessment therapy, and counseling for functional impairment. Introduction Abuse increases the risk for suppressed cognitive development. Maltreatment comes in many forms: physical, sexual, psychological, neglect, and even abuse from peers. Current studies only focus on abuse from guardians. However, peer abuse exists as and does have a psychological effect on cognitive development (Ambert, 1994). Young children, still â€Å"embedded† in the present do not have the ability to see themselves a part of the bigger picture. The se themselves as the center of the universe and everything that happens is directly related to their own sensation. Development consists of learning to master those experiences and to learn to encounter the present as part of one’s personal experience over time. Piaget called this †decentration†: moving from being one’s reflexes, movements and sensations to having them. The age at which the abuse occurs can impact the learning and development leading to mental disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PT SD), and attachment issues. Because of the results, help programs and education need to be in place for parents, abusers and children of abuse. For example, van Harmelen, deJong, Glashouwer, Spinhoven, Penninx, and Elzinga (2010) did a study on how childhood abuse affects cognitive disorders. The Implicit Association Test was used to evaluate depression and anxiety, although it has been shown to also impact learning and development and PTSD. Participants were asked questions in order to obtain self-reports in this study of depression and anxiety. It was found that childhood abuse leads to a higher self-depression ad self-anxiety view. From this study it is clear that abuse affects cognitive function. According to Feldman (2011), cognitive development is the way that an individual grows and changes and the change in their intellectual capabilities can influence one’s behavior and learning abilities. Different cognitive development happens in different stages throughout an individual’s life. These stages include: Infancy and toddlerhood (age birth to three years) children learning to sit, crawl, and walk, memory functions begin, visual recognition, and language development are present. During the preschool period (age three to six years) growth and muscular development carry on, neural interconnects grow and develop, memory functions grows, fine and gross motor skills become more refined so preschoolers can catch, throw, run, use silverware, and tie their shoes. During middle childhood (age six to twelve years) growth of body and brain function continues still. Gross motor functions develop to include biking, swimming, and skating. Increased fine motor skills include writing, typing, zipping, and buttoning. During adolescence (twelve years to twenty years), growth of body and neurological functioning continue and sexual characteristics develop. During young adult (age twenty to forty years) there is a peak in physical capabilities (strength, coordination, and reaction time), brain function continues to grow, stress can be a health threat (Feldman, 2011). Depending on the age the abuse occurs can affect each individual’s cognitive development to include but not limited to disorders like depression, anxiety, learning and memory disorders, PTSD, and attachment disorders. According to the definition given by Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley, depression is the emotional state that is characterized by extraordinary sadness. Since 1967, Aaron Beck has provided us with a model of his theory on depression. Beck’s diathesis-stress theory suggests that depression leads back to a dysfunctional formation early on, which left the individual vulnerable to depression if encountered with stress ors (Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, 2010). Butcher, Mineka, and Hooly (2010) discuss that according to Beck the parent or guardian are responsible for providing the child or adolescent’s schema. These may lie dormant until activated by a critical incident. It then triggers automatic negative thoughts that lead to depression. Reports of child abuse have suggested an increase in negative self-worth, negative self-attitudes, and negative self-associations. They tend to get caught up in a negative mood, which leads to depression (van Harmelen, deJong, Glashouwer, Spinhover, Penninx, and Elzing, 2010). A learning disorder is a term that refers to a delayed development. It may be with speech, mathematics, reading, memory, or motor skills. Poor motor function and memory are associated with the ability to learn and functioning a school setting. Contributions to exploring the relationship of cognitive development and learning are growing. According to the studies done by Giesbrecht and Merckelbach (2012) some victims of abuse tend to compartmentalize their trauma. While research shows that some learning disabilities are hereditary, other studies have shown the impact that abuse has on the ability to learn and retain information. Learning disabilities are the products of delicate central nervous system impairments. These learning disabilities are the consequence of immaturity, deficiency, or dysregulation partial to those cognitive skills that are in normal brain functions (Legano, McHough, and Palusci, 2009). In addition, there is a positive correlation between abuse and cognitive failures from Broadbent, Cooper, Fitzgerald, and Parkes’s Cognitive Failures Questionnaire that measures everyday lapses and errors. There has been a major change in the way one is diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a severe and chronic condition, which is no longer conceptualized as a normal response to and abnormal stressor but rather a pathological response to an extreme form of stress (Butcher, Mineka, Hooley, 2010). There may be a bidirectional and temporal relationship between Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), the hippocampus and neuropsychological functioning in the structural and functional part of the brain. These may either precede the development of PTSD or emerge after the onset of PTSD (Gould, Clarke, Heim, Harver, Majer, and Nemeroff, 2012). Those that have been sexually abused have long-term mental and emotional suffering that lingers. They are likely to have feelings of anxiety, depression, anger, and low self-esteem and are more likely to suffer PTSD (Milner and William, 1995). These can impact marriages and other close relationships. Research by DeBellis, Hooper, Woolley, and Shenk (2009) pediatric PTSD symptoms are associated with lower visual memory, developmental trauma, anxiety and can lead to problems with adult PTSD. A cognitive treatment for PTSD is to vividly recount the traumatic event over and over until there is a decrease in the emotional responses. One other important aspect of a child’s development is their form of attachment. This begins within the home and with the guardian. According to Ainsworth, there are four classifications of infant attachment that can have an impact on the child’s future. A secure attachment is where the mother is a confident base when she is in attendance. As soon as she leaves the child is obviously upset and immediately goes to her upon return. The avoidant attachment is a style in which the child does not seek closeness to the mother and seems to avoid her upon arrival. The ambivalent attachment is an attachment in which the child shows varied reactions. They cry when she leaves but upon return they kick and hit her. Last is the disorganized-disoriented attachment. This style shows contradictory behavior. They will not look at the mother upon arrival. These seem to be the most negatively attached children (Feldman, 2011). Infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents are more likely to develop negative attachments if abused. Separation anxiety seems to be the biggest problem of individuals that have been abused (Barth, 2009). According to Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley (2010), early victims of rejection and abuse have damaging effects on a person†™s worldview. They also suggest that a parent-child relationship is bidirectional. Some children are easier to love than others based on their temperaments while the guardian’s mental stability affects the attachment relationship. The type of attachment formed correlates to the type of parenting style. The different parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, or neglectful. According to Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley (2010), the authoritative parent is high on warmth and moderate on control. Research shows that children of authoritative parents tend to be friendly and confident. The Authoritarian parent is low on warmth and high on control Research shows that children of the authoritarian parent can be conflicted and moody. These adolescents usually have more negative outcomes especially with social anc cognitive skills. Next, the permissive parent is high on warmth but low on discipline. Studies indicate that children of permissive parents are impulsive and aggressive. They are often. selfish and demanding. Last, the neglectful parent is low on warmth and low on control. Children of neglectful parents are moody with a low self esteem. They have conduct and peer problems. They also reflect poor academics. Researchers have shown that providing structure and guidance while allowing a sense of control and freedom gives the child a more positive attachment (Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley, 2010). Thus negative parenting styles can have an overwhelming effect on an individual’s ability to cope with later challenges. Method Harmelen, deJong, Glashouwer, Spinhoven, Pennix, and Elzinga (2010) explored the negative cognitive scars of abuse. The study dated from 2004-2007, which consisted of participants in the regular general population and those of mental care institutes at different stages of psychopathology. The ethical review board of the University Medical Center in Amsterdam approved it. Adults were between ages 18 and 65, had a past or present depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and/or social disorder. There were a total of 2981 participants (age M=41.9, SD=13.0). The DSM-IV was used as the diagnostic measure and past childhood abuse was measured by self-report and with the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Childhood abuse was assed by utilizing the Nemesis trauma interview which asks participants whether they and experienced emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse prior to the age of sixteen. Answers were recorded. Computation came from subtraction of the mean rating of anxiousness from the mean rating of calm on the IAT-stimuli. A written consent was obtained after reviewing the study to the participants. Results The findings in the study of Harmelen, deJong, Glashouwer, Spinhoven, Pennix, and Elzinga (2010) explain that, when compared to the no abused group, abused individuals have a stronger depression, higher anxiety, and a lower self-esteem when compared to non-abused individuals. There was not a difference in age or education. However, females showed a higher effect of negative self-associations although both genders are affected by maltreatment. The study also showed a higher significance in correlation to sexually abused participants versus physically abused participants. Cognitive emotional maltreatment is related to the negative self-associations and development that individuals face. The study suggests that the longer that children are exposed to any form of maltreatment, the more likely they are to develop damaging cognitive schemas which lead to cognitive disorders (Harmelen, deJong, Glashouwer, Spinhoven, Pennix, and Elzinga, 2010. Discussion According to a recent study (Child Maltreatment, 2010) over 3 million children are abused or neglected in the United States each year. 8.7 million of the nations children or 1 in 7 have been maltreated. This could be mentally, physically, or sexually. Seventy five percent of all perpetrators are between the ages twenty and thirty nine. Studies have also shown that abused children are more likely to abuse substances (Wulczyn, 2009). There are certain reasons that increase the likelihood of abuse. These include family that bring in an annual income of under $15,000, presence of drug or alcohol addiction, the cycle of past abuse or cycle of violence hypothesis, stressful environments, high marital conflict, single parent families, and families that have more than four children. Incest happens in more wealthy families (Feldman, 2011). In addition, children that already have certain risk factors such as learning disabilities, behavior problems, visual or hearing impairments, or other medi cal problems can increase the possibility of abuse (Child Maltreatment, 2010). The consequence of early abuse may carry on into adolescence and even the early stages of adulthood. The results of this study make it clear that the United State needs to make sure that there are prevention programs, community management programs, and counseling programs all with the correct education and proper training. Wulczyn (2009) shows how prevention programs offer a chance to minimize the effects of maltreatment on the developing child, but many, if not most, jurisdictions lack the infrastructure to do so within the traditional child welfare system. Home visiting programs aim to prevent child abuse by providing knowledge, belief in abusing parenting, empathy, sensitive, responsive parenting, and the ability to provide a safe and stimulating home environments (Wulczyn, 2009). Barth (2009) describes a triple P-Positive parenting program to help parents deal with issues. This includes five levels of intervention 1. A media campaign that informs parents about issues and gets them involved 2. Targets an individual topic at a time such as toilet training or bedtime. Parents would be in direct contact with a trainer. 3. Helps parents concerned with their child’s development and attend brief programs to learn how to manage certain behaviors. 4. This is for parents of children with more severe problems like aggression or behavior issues. They are given certain skills along with contact with a primary care physician. Last is level 5. This is for parents of dysfunctional families with behavior problems. They attend eleven 1-hour sessions and practitioners conduct home visits to ensure the skill being thought are being used. The biggest question of how to prevent sexual abuse remains unanswered. There are numerous signs and prior efforts have been useful but new methods still need to be further explored and researched. Finklehor (2009) suggest that offender management and school-based programs should be necessary to help regulate sexual abuse. Registering sex offenders, notifying communities about their presence, background checks, controlling where they can live, and longer prison terms. Finklehor (2009) continues to say that one third of the offenders are juveniles which is why there is such a need for school based programs as well. This will help to teach students the skills necessary to identify dangerous situations. Abused children will demonstrate different behaviors once removed temporarily from the home and placed in a therapeutic environment (Ambert, 1994). In addition to providing services, sometimes a temporary removal needs to be entertained until the family dynamics can be evaluated. Until recently, no study actually showed that participation in a prevention program resulted in reduced rates of sexual abuse for participants (Legano, McHugh, Palusci). It is important for counselors or facilitators of programs to have an understanding of screenings, treatment evaluations, and treatment planning (Milner and Murphy, 1995). There needs to be sufficient legal and clinical instruction and training about child abuse before any assessment is conductive. The American Counseling Association has put into place a Code of Ethics for professionals to follow. Individuals need to be careful not to obtain a false positive based on bias in their findings. Working with children of abuse requires special training in order to achieve the desired outcome. It is the counselor’s responsibility to practice in the boundaries for which they are qualified to work. In addition, they have a responsibility to read and understand their ethics code (ACA Code of Ethics, 2005). References ACA Code of Ethics (2005) American Counseling Association. Retrieved September 22, 2012 from http://www.counseling.org/Resources/CodeOfEthics/TP/Home Ambert, A. (1994). A qualitative study of peer abuse and its effects: Theoretical and empirical implications. Journal of Marriage and Family, 56 (1), 119-130. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/352708 Barth, R. (2009). Preventing child abuse and neglect with parent training: Evidence and opportunities. The future of children, 19 (2), 95-118. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27795049 Butcher, J., Mineka, S., & Hooley, J. (2010). Abnormal psychology. (14 ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc Child Maltreatment (2010). Retrieved November 2, 2012 from http://archive.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cm10/cm10.pdf DeBellis, M., Hooper, S., Woolley, D., & Shenk, C. (2009). Demographic, maltreatment, and neurobiological correlates of ptsd symptoms in children and adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35 (5), 570-577. Retrieved from http://www.jpepsy.oxfordjournals.org Feldman, R. (2011). Development across the life span. (6 ed., pp. 178-251). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc Finkelhor, D. (2009). The prevention of childhood sexual abuse. The future of children 19(2), 169-194. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27795052 Giesbrecht, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2009). Betrayal trauma theory of dissociative experiences: Stroop and directed forgetting findings. The Americal Journal of Psychology, 122(3), 337-348. Gould, F., Clarke, J., Heim, C., Harvey, P., Majer, M., & Nemeroff, C. (2012). The effects of child abuse and neglect on cognitive functioning in adulthood. Journal of psychiatric research, 46 (4), 500-506. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.005 Legano, L., McHugh, M., & Palusci, V. (2009). Child abuse and neglect. Current problems of pediatric and adolescent health care,doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2008.11.00 Milner, J., & William, W. (1995). Assessment of child physical and sexual abuse offenders. Family Relations, 44 (4), 478-488. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/585002 van Harmelen, A., deJong, P., Glashouwer, K., Spinhoven, P., Penninx, B., & Elzing B. (2010). Child abuse and negative explicit and automatic self-associations: T cognitive scars of emotional maltreatment. Behavior research and therapy, 48 (4), 486-494. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2010.02.003 Wulczyn, F. (2009). Epidemiological perspectives on maltreatment prevention. The future of children, 19 (2), 39-66. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/27795047